Fundamentals of Chemistry

The course is divided into four modules:  **Module 1: Atoms, Molecules, and Matter (ATMO, 4.5 hp)** This module covers the fundamental concepts of atomic structure, chemical bonding, and the states of matter.   Atomic Structure: Explores the quantum mechanical model of the atom and how it explains periodicity.  Chemical Bonding: Utilizes Pauling electronegativity, Lewis structures, valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory, valence bond theory, and molecular orbital theory to analyse chemical bonding.  States of Matter: Examines gases, liquids, and solids through various theories and models, including gas laws, intermolecular bonding, and unit cells.  **Module 2: Thermodynamics and Equilibria (TEEQ, 4.5 hp)** This module focuses on the principles of thermodynamics, and physical and chemical equilibrium.  Thermodynamics: Introduces the concepts of work, heat, internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. Discusses spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, exothermic and endothermic processes, system boundaries, and process reversibility. Explores the application of thermodynamic principles to predict the feasibility and direction of chemical processes, including how energy changes influence reaction pathways and the efficiency of reactions.  Physical Equilibrium: Examines the concepts affecting phase changes in matter. Introduces solubility, molality, and colligative properties to understand the roles of solutes.  Chemical Equilibrium: Explores the dynamic nature of equilibrium in chemical reactions, Le Chatelier's principle, and the calculation of equilibrium constants.  **Module 3: Reactions, Electrochemistry, Kinetics, and Nuclear Chemistry (REKN, 4.5 hp)** This module covers various types of chemical reactions, electrochemistry, kinetics, and nuclear chemistry.  Reactions and Electrochemistry: Investigates the principles of acid-base equilibria, solubility, and redox reactions and their applications in designing galvanic (batteries) and electrolytic cells.  Chemical Kinetics: Analyses the factors affecting reaction rates, including the concentration of reactants/products, temperature, and catalysts.  Nuclear Chemistry: Introduces the basic concepts of nuclear particles, nuclear reactions, radioactivity, and the different types of radiation along with their applications.  **Module 4: Laboratory Exercises (0001, 1.5 hp)** This module involves hands-on laboratory work and the presentation of experimental results.  Laboratory Work: Provides practical experience in conducting experiments and applying theoretical concepts.  Presentation of Results: Teaches students how to effectively communicate their findings through formal lab reports and presentations.