Animal and Plant Physiology

The course is divided into two parts, Animal Physiology 7.5 credits and Plant Physiology 7.5 credits. **Animal Physiology:** *Module 1, theory and group work 6 credits* The animal physiology section begins with an overview of the diversity of the animal world, followed by analysis of the life processes of multicellular animals, mainly at the level of the organism. The course will provide basic knowledge about the development and composition of organs and organ systems within the animal world, illustrated by a comparison between mammals and various selected animal groups. These may constitute examples of representative adaptations of the animals and their organ systems to their typical living conditions. Connections between cellular mechanisms, form, function and the organism's environment are emphasized. *Module 2, laboratories, studies of histological sections and theme work concerning physiological principles and adaptations 1.5 credits* In the practical sessions, the student becomes familiar with the anatomy and physiology of humans and selected laboratory animals. The part is performed individually or in a group. **Plant Physiology:** *Module 3, theory 5 credits* The plant physiology theory focuses on what is unique in plants and in plant's cells, including growth, anatomy, differentiation, metabolism, photosynthesis, stress physiology and flowering. Emphasis is given to cell growth, synthesis, cell stretching, three genome, gene regulation, plant hormones and natural products. In addition, plant model systems, transformation methods, in vitro culture of plants, tissue-specific expression, and databases relevant to plant biotechnology will be discussed. During the course, various organizational levels will be integrated, from the molecular to ecosystem function (e.g. biotic interactions, herbivory, plant chemistry, balance between growth and defense and the use of plants as detectors for e.g. for chemicals. *Module 4, laboratories, written work, group discussion and oral presentation of a topic within the scope of the course content. 2.5 credits* In the practical aspects (2.5 credits), training in the working methods of plant physiology is provided.