Economic History: Population Aging and the Welfare State

<p>How does an aging population affect the economy and the welfare state? This course explores demographic change, economic challenges and policy responses in Sweden and beyond.</p><p>As populations age and birth rates decline, societies face new economic and social challenges. This course examines the long-term relationship between demographic structure and macroeconomic development, with a focus on the implications for welfare systems.</p><p>You’ll explore how aging affects labour markets, savings, investment and economic growth. The course also investigates how different welfare models have evolved, and how they respond to demographic pressures. Key questions include: Can immigration offset aging? How can welfare be financed sustainably? What are the consequences for net consumers in society?</p><p>Through historical and contemporary perspectives, you’ll gain insight into fertility, mortality, migration and their impact on population structure. The course introduces key theories and empirical research, helping you understand the roots of today’s policy debates and explore potential solutions for the future.<br/></p>