Electrical Principles

Electric fields: Charge, Coulomb's law, electric field strength, voltage, potential, current, resistance, power, Joule's law, Ohm's law, capacitance, special cases of Gauss's law, and capacitor. Magnetic fields: Magnetism and magnetic fields, current-carrying conductors and magnetic fields, magnetic flux density, special cases of Ampère's law, special cases of Biot-Savart's law, magnetic force, torque on a current loop in a magnetic field and the principle for an electric motor, magnetic flux, induction, Faraday's law, Lenz's law, inductance, inductor, and oscillation in a circuit consisting of a capacitor and an inductor. Circuit theory and circuit technology: Kirchhoff's current law and voltage law, reference direction of current and reference polarity for calculations, consumed and emitted power. Serial, parallel, delta, and star connected resistors. Voltage division and current division, voltage, current, and resistance measurements, two-terminals, ideal resistor, ideal voltage generator and ideal current generator, voltage two-terminals and current two-terminals, successive replacements of two-terminals, Thévenin equivalent circuits, Norton equivalent circuits, power adaption, net solving with Kirchhoff's method, node-voltage analysis and mesh-current analysis, the principle of superposition, and the Wheatstone bridge. Alternating current and alternating voltage: Root mean square value, sinusoidal current and voltage, average power, phasor representation. Connection between sinusoidal current and voltage for ideal resistor, ideal capacitor, and ideal inductor. Ideal transformer, impedance, the jw-method (the complex method), power adjustment, and resonance. Electric power technology: Power of sinusoidal current and voltage; average, reactive, and apparent power. Phase compensation, three-phase system, and introduction to power distribution